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<h1 class="article-title" itemprop="name">防止 DoS 攻击</h1>
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<a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/edit/master/docs/source/zh-cn/tutorials/dos.md" class="article-edit-link" title="改进这篇文档"><i class="icon-pencil"></i></a>
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<p>当模板或数据上下文不可信时，启用DoS预防选项至关重要。LiquidJS 提供了三个选项用于此目的：<code>parseLimit</code>、<code>renderLimit</code> 和 <code>memoryLimit</code>。</p>
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<h2 id="TL-DR" class="article-heading"><a href="#TL-DR" class="headerlink" title="TL;DR"></a>TL;DR<a class="article-anchor" href="#TL-DR" aria-hidden="true"></a></h2><p>设置这些选项可以在很大程度上确保你的 LiquidJS 实例不会长时间挂起或消耗过多内存。这些限制基于可用的 JavaScript API，因此它们不是精确的硬性限制，而是确保你的进程不会失败或挂起的阈值。</p>
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<pre class="line-numbers language-typescript" data-language="typescript"><code class="language-typescript"><span class="token keyword">const</span> liquid <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Liquid</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
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parseLimit<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 每次渲染的模板的典型大小</span>
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renderLimit<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 每次渲染最多 1s</span>
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memoryLimit<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e9</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// LiquidJS 可用的内存（1e9 对应 1GB）</span>
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<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
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<h2 id="parseLimit" class="article-heading"><a href="#parseLimit" class="headerlink" title="parseLimit"></a>parseLimit<a class="article-anchor" href="#parseLimit" aria-hidden="true"></a></h2><p><a href="/api/interfaces/LiquidOptions.html#parseLimit">parseLimit</a> 限制每次 <code>.parse()</code> 调用中解析的模板大小（字符长度），包括引用的 partials 和 layouts。由于 LiquidJS 解析模板字符串的时间复杂度接近 O(n)，限制模板总长度通常就足够了。</p>
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<p>普通电脑可以很容易处理 <code>1e8</code>（100M）个字符的模板。</p>
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<h2 id="renderLimit" class="article-heading"><a href="#renderLimit" class="headerlink" title="renderLimit"></a>renderLimit<a class="article-anchor" href="#renderLimit" aria-hidden="true"></a></h2><p>仅限制模板大小是不够的，因为在渲染时可能会出现动态的数组和循环。<a href="/api/interfaces/LiquidOptions.html#renderLimit">renderLimit</a> 通过限制每次 <code>render()</code> 调用的时间来缓解这些问题。</p>
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<pre class="line-numbers language-liquid" data-language="liquid"><code class="language-liquid"><span class="token liquid language-liquid"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%-</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> i <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token range operator">..</span><span class="token number">10000000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">-%}</span></span>
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order: <span class="token liquid language-liquid"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span>i<span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span>
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<span class="token liquid language-liquid"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%-</span> <span class="token keyword">endfor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">-%}</span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
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<p>渲染时间是在渲染每个模板之前检查的。在上面的例子中，循环中有两个模板：<code>order:</code> 和 <code>{{i}}</code>，因此会检查 2x10000000 次。</p>
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<p>单个模板内的标签和过滤器仍然可能把进程挂起。要完全控制渲染过程，建议使用类似 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/paralleljs">paralleljs</a> 的进程管理器。</p>
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<h2 id="memoryLimit" class="article-heading"><a href="#memoryLimit" class="headerlink" title="memoryLimit"></a>memoryLimit<a class="article-anchor" href="#memoryLimit" aria-hidden="true"></a></h2><p>即使模板和迭代次数较少，内存使用量也可能呈指数增长。在下面的示例中，内存会在每次迭代中翻倍：</p>
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<pre class="line-numbers language-liquid" data-language="liquid"><code class="language-liquid"><span class="token liquid language-liquid"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token keyword">assign</span> array <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"1,2,3"</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function filter">split</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">","</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
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<span class="token liquid language-liquid"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> i <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token range operator">..</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
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<span class="token liquid language-liquid"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token keyword">assign</span> array <span class="token operator">=</span> array <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function filter">concat</span><span class="token operator">:</span> array <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
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<span class="token liquid language-liquid"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token keyword">endfor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
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<p><a href="/api/interfaces/LiquidOptions.html#memoryLimit">memoryLimit</a> 限制内存敏感的过滤器，以防止过度的内存分配。由于 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Memory_management">JavaScript 使用 GC 来管理内存</a>，<code>memoryLimit</code> 仅限制 LiquidJS 中内存敏感过滤器分配的对象总数，因此可能无法反映实际的内存占用。</p>
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<time class="article-footer-updated" datetime="2024-08-23T13:28:11.449Z" itemprop="dateModified">上次更新：2024-08-23</time>
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<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#TL-DR"><span class="toc-text">TL;DR</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#parseLimit"><span class="toc-text">parseLimit</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#renderLimit"><span class="toc-text">renderLimit</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#memoryLimit"><span class="toc-text">memoryLimit</span></a></li></ol>
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