feat: renderSync, parseAndRenderSync and renderFileSync, see #48

.eslintrc.json

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
     "prefer-const": 2,
     "no-unused-vars": "off",
     "indent": "off",
+    "no-dupe-class-members": "off",
     "@typescript-eslint/indent": ["error", 2],
     "@typescript-eslint/explicit-function-return-type": "off",
     "@typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any": "off",

demo/nodejs/index.js

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ engine.registerTag('header', {
     const [key, val] = token.args.split(':')
     this[key] = val
   },
-  render: function (scope, hash) {
+  render: async function (scope, hash, emitter) {
-    const title = this.liquid.evalValue(this.content, scope)
+    const title = await this.liquid.evalValue(this.content, scope)
-    return `<h1>${title}</h1>`
+    emitter.write(`<h1>${title}</h1>`)
   }
 })
 

demo/typescript/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Liquid, TagToken, Hash, Context } from 'liquidjs'
+import { Liquid, TagToken, Hash, Context, Emitter } from 'liquidjs'
 
 const engine = new Liquid({
   root: __dirname,
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ engine.registerTag('header', {
     const [key, val] = token.args.split(':')
     this[key] = val
   },
-  render: function (context: Context, hash: Hash) {
+  render: async function (context: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
-    const title = this.liquid.evalValue(this['content'], context)
+    const title = await this.liquid.evalValue(this['content'], context)
-    return `<h1>${title}</h1>`
+    emitter.write(`<h1>${title}</h1>`)
   }
 })
 

src/builtin/tags/assign.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ export default {
     this.value = match[2]
   },
   render: async function (ctx: Context) {
-    ctx.front()[this.key] = await this.liquid.evalValue(this.value, ctx)
+    ctx.front()[this.key] = ctx.sync
+      ? this.liquid.evalValueSync(this.value, ctx)
+      : await this.liquid.evalValue(this.value, ctx)
   }
 } as ITagImplOptions

src/builtin/tags/block.ts

@@ -17,9 +17,13 @@ export default {
   render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
     const blocks = ctx.getRegister('blocks')
     const childDefined = blocks[this.block]
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
     const html = childDefined !== undefined
       ? childDefined
-      : await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.tpls, ctx)
+      : (ctx.sync
+        ? r.renderTemplatesSync(this.tpls, ctx)
+        : await r.renderTemplates(this.tpls, ctx)
+      )
 
     if (ctx.getRegister('blockMode', BlockMode.OUTPUT) === BlockMode.STORE) {
       blocks[this.block] = html

src/builtin/tags/break.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { RenderBreakError } from '../../util/error'
+import { Emitter, Context, Hash } from '../../types'
 
 export default {
-  render: async function () {
+  render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
-    throw new RenderBreakError('break')
+    emitter.break = true
   }
 }

src/builtin/tags/capture.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ export default {
     stream.start()
   },
   render: async function (ctx: Context) {
-    const html = await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.templates, ctx)
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
+    const html = ctx.sync
+      ? r.renderTemplatesSync(this.templates, ctx)
+      : await r.renderTemplates(this.templates, ctx)
     ctx.front()[this.variable] = html
   }
 } as ITagImplOptions

src/builtin/tags/case.ts

@@ -25,15 +25,30 @@ export default {
   },
 
   render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
     for (let i = 0; i < this.cases.length; i++) {
       const branch = this.cases[i]
-      const val = new Expression(branch.val).value(ctx)
+      const val = await new Expression(branch.val).value(ctx)
-      const cond = new Expression(this.cond).value(ctx)
+      const cond = await new Expression(this.cond).value(ctx)
       if (val === cond) {
-        this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(branch.templates, ctx, emitter)
+        await r.renderTemplates(branch.templates, ctx, emitter)
         return
       }
     }
-    this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
+    await r.renderTemplates(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
+  },
+
+  renderSync: function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
+    for (let i = 0; i < this.cases.length; i++) {
+      const branch = this.cases[i]
+      const val = new Expression(branch.val).valueSync(ctx)
+      const cond = new Expression(this.cond).valueSync(ctx)
+      if (val === cond) {
+        r.renderTemplatesSync(branch.templates, ctx, emitter)
+        return
+      }
+    }
+    r.renderTemplatesSync(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
   }
 } as ITagImplOptions

src/builtin/tags/continue.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { RenderBreakError } from '../../util/error'
+import { Emitter, Context, Hash } from '../../types'
 
 export default {
-  render: async function () {
+  render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
-    throw new RenderBreakError('continue')
+    emitter.continue = true
   }
 }

src/builtin/tags/cycle.ts

@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ export default {
   },
 
   render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
-    const group = this.group.value(ctx)
+    const group = ctx.sync
+      ? this.group.valueSync(ctx)
+      : await this.group.value(ctx)
     const fingerprint = `cycle:${group}:` + this.candidates.join(',')
     const groups = ctx.getRegister('cycle')
     let idx = groups[fingerprint]
@@ -34,6 +36,9 @@ export default {
     const candidate = this.candidates[idx]
     idx = (idx + 1) % this.candidates.length
     groups[fingerprint] = idx
-    emitter.write(new Expression(candidate).value(ctx))
+    const html = ctx.sync
+      ? new Expression(candidate).valueSync(ctx)
+      : await new Expression(candidate).value(ctx)
+    emitter.write(html)
   }
 } as ITagImplOptions

src/builtin/tags/for.ts

@@ -37,7 +37,10 @@ export default {
     stream.start()
   },
   render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
-    let collection = new Expression(this.collection).value(ctx)
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
+    let collection = ctx.sync
+      ? new Expression(this.collection).valueSync(ctx)
+      : await new Expression(this.collection).value(ctx)
 
     if (!isArray(collection)) {
       if (isString(collection) && collection.length > 0) {
@@ -47,7 +50,9 @@ export default {
       }
     }
     if (!isArray(collection) || !collection.length) {
-      this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
+      ctx.sync
+        ? r.renderTemplatesSync(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
+        : await r.renderTemplates(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
       return
     }
 
@@ -57,17 +62,19 @@ export default {
     collection = collection.slice(offset, offset + limit)
     if (this.reversed) collection.reverse()
 
-    const context = { forloop: new ForloopDrop(collection.length) }
+    const scope = { forloop: new ForloopDrop(collection.length) }
-    ctx.push(context)
+    ctx.push(scope)
     for (const item of collection) {
-      context[this.variable] = item
+      scope[this.variable] = item
-      try {
+      ctx.sync
-        await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
+        ? r.renderTemplatesSync(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
-      } catch (e) {
+        : await r.renderTemplates(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
-        if (e.name !== 'RenderBreakError') throw e
+      if (emitter.break) {
-        if (e.message === 'break') break
+        emitter.break = false
+        break
       }
-      context.forloop.next()
+      emitter.continue = false
+      scope.forloop.next()
     }
     ctx.pop()
   }

src/builtin/tags/if.ts

@@ -28,13 +28,28 @@ export default {
   },
 
   render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
+
     for (const branch of this.branches) {
-      const cond = new Expression(branch.cond).value(ctx)
+      const cond = await new Expression(branch.cond).value(ctx)
       if (isTruthy(cond)) {
-        await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(branch.templates, ctx, emitter)
+        await r.renderTemplates(branch.templates, ctx, emitter)
         return
       }
     }
-    await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
+    await r.renderTemplates(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
+  },
+
+  renderSync: function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
+
+    for (const branch of this.branches) {
+      const cond = new Expression(branch.cond).valueSync(ctx)
+      if (isTruthy(cond)) {
+        r.renderTemplatesSync(branch.templates, ctx, emitter)
+        return
+      }
+    }
+    r.renderTemplatesSync(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
   }
 } as ITagImplOptions

src/builtin/tags/include.ts

@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ export default {
     match = withRE.exec(token.args)
     if (match) this.with = match[1]
   },
-  render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+  renderSync: function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
     let filepath
     if (ctx.opts.dynamicPartials) {
       if (quotedLine.exec(this.value)) {
         const template = this.value.slice(1, -1)
-        filepath = await this.liquid.parseAndRender(template, ctx.getAll(), ctx.opts)
+        filepath = this.liquid.parseAndRenderSync(template, ctx.getAll(), ctx.opts)
       } else {
-        filepath = new Expression(this.value).value(ctx)
+        filepath = new Expression(this.value).valueSync(ctx)
       }
     } else {
       filepath = this.staticValue
@@ -37,7 +37,37 @@ export default {
     ctx.setRegister('blocks', {})
     ctx.setRegister('blockMode', BlockMode.OUTPUT)
     if (this.with) {
-      hash[filepath] = new Expression(this.with).evaluate(ctx)
+      hash[filepath] = new Expression(this.with).evaluateSync(ctx)
+    }
+    const templates = this.liquid.getTemplateSync(filepath, ctx.opts)
+    ctx.push(hash)
+    this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplatesSync(templates, ctx, emitter)
+    ctx.pop()
+    ctx.setRegister('blocks', originBlocks)
+    ctx.setRegister('blockMode', originBlockMode)
+  },
+
+  render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+    let filepath
+    if (ctx.opts.dynamicPartials) {
+      if (quotedLine.exec(this.value)) {
+        const template = this.value.slice(1, -1)
+        filepath = await this.liquid.parseAndRender(template, ctx.getAll(), ctx.opts)
+      } else {
+        filepath = await new Expression(this.value).value(ctx)
+      }
+    } else {
+      filepath = this.staticValue
+    }
+    assert(filepath, `cannot include with empty filename`)
+
+    const originBlocks = ctx.getRegister('blocks')
+    const originBlockMode = ctx.getRegister('blockMode')
+
+    ctx.setRegister('blocks', {})
+    ctx.setRegister('blockMode', BlockMode.OUTPUT)
+    if (this.with) {
+      hash[filepath] = await new Expression(this.with).evaluate(ctx)
     }
     const templates = await this.liquid.getTemplate(filepath, ctx.opts)
     ctx.push(hash)

src/builtin/tags/layout.ts

@@ -21,21 +21,31 @@ export default {
   },
   render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
     const layout = ctx.opts.dynamicPartials
-      ? await (new Expression(this.layout).value(ctx))
+      ? (ctx.sync
+        ? new Expression(this.layout).valueSync(ctx)
+        : await new Expression(this.layout).value(ctx)
+      )
       : this.staticLayout
     assert(layout, `cannot apply layout with empty filename`)
 
     // render the remaining tokens immediately
     ctx.setRegister('blockMode', BlockMode.STORE)
     const blocks = ctx.getRegister('blocks')
-    const html = await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.tpls, ctx)
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
+    const html = ctx.sync
+      ? r.renderTemplatesSync(this.tpls, ctx)
+      : await r.renderTemplates(this.tpls, ctx)
     if (blocks[''] === undefined) {
       blocks[''] = html
     }
-    const templates = await this.liquid.getTemplate(layout, ctx.opts)
+    const templates = ctx.sync
+      ? this.liquid.getTemplateSync(layout, ctx.opts)
+      : await this.liquid.getTemplate(layout, ctx.opts)
     ctx.push(hash)
     ctx.setRegister('blockMode', BlockMode.OUTPUT)
-    const partial = await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(templates, ctx)
+    const partial = ctx.sync
+      ? r.renderTemplatesSync(templates, ctx)
+      : await r.renderTemplates(templates, ctx)
     ctx.pop()
     emitter.write(partial)
   }

src/builtin/tags/raw.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ export default {
       })
     stream.start()
   },
-  render: function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+  render: function (ctx: Context) {
-    emitter.write(this.tokens.map((token: Token) => token.raw).join(''))
+    return this.tokens.map((token: Token) => token.raw).join('')
   }
 } as ITagImplOptions

src/builtin/tags/tablerow.ts

@@ -29,13 +29,16 @@ export default {
   },
 
   render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
-    let collection = new Expression(this.collection).value(ctx) || []
+    let collection = ctx.sync
+      ? new Expression(this.collection).valueSync(ctx) || []
+      : await new Expression(this.collection).value(ctx) || []
     const offset = hash.offset || 0
     const limit = (hash.limit === undefined) ? collection.length : hash.limit
 
     collection = collection.slice(offset, offset + limit)
     const cols = hash.cols || collection.length
 
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
     const tablerowloop = new TablerowloopDrop(collection.length, cols)
     const scope = { tablerowloop }
     ctx.push(scope)
@@ -47,7 +50,9 @@ export default {
         emitter.write(`<tr class="row${tablerowloop.row()}">`)
       }
       emitter.write(`<td class="col${tablerowloop.col()}">`)
-      await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
+      ctx.sync
+        ? r.renderTemplatesSync(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
+        : await r.renderTemplates(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
       emitter.write('</td>')
     }
     if (collection.length) emitter.write('</tr>')

src/builtin/tags/unless.ts

@@ -20,10 +20,19 @@ export default {
     stream.start()
   },
 
-  render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+  renderSync: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
-    const cond = new Expression(this.cond).value(ctx)
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
+    const cond = new Expression(this.cond).valueSync(ctx)
     isFalsy(cond)
-      ? await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
+      ? r.renderTemplatesSync(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
-      : await this.liquid.renderer.renderTemplates(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
+      : r.renderTemplatesSync(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
+  },
+
+  render: async function (ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) {
+    const r = this.liquid.renderer
+    const cond = await new Expression(this.cond).value(ctx)
+    await isFalsy(cond)
+      ? r.renderTemplates(this.templates, ctx, emitter)
+      : r.renderTemplates(this.elseTemplates, ctx, emitter)
   }
 } as ITagImplOptions

src/context/context.ts

@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ export class Context {
   private scopes: Scope[] = [{}]
   private registers = {}
   public environments: Scope
+  public sync: boolean
   public opts: NormalizedFullOptions
-  public constructor (ctx: object = {}, opts?: NormalizedFullOptions) {
+  public constructor (ctx: object = {}, opts?: NormalizedFullOptions, sync: boolean = false) {
+    this.sync = sync
     this.opts = applyDefault(opts)
     this.environments = ctx
   }

src/fs/browser.ts

@@ -44,8 +44,22 @@ async function readFile (url: string): Promise<string> {
   })
 }
 
+function readFileSync (url: string): string {
+  const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
+  xhr.open('GET', url, false)
+  xhr.send()
+  if (xhr.status < 200 || xhr.status >= 300) {
+    throw new Error(xhr.statusText)
+  }
+  return xhr.responseText as string
+}
+
 async function exists () {
   return true
 }
 
-export default { readFile, resolve, exists } as IFS
+function existsSync () {
+  return true
+}
+
+export default { readFile, resolve, exists, existsSync, readFileSync } as IFS

src/fs/ifs.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 export default interface IFS {
   exists: (filepath: string) => Promise<boolean>;
   readFile: (filepath: string) => Promise<string>;
+  existsSync: (filepath: string) => boolean;
+  readFileSync: (filepath: string) => string;
   resolve: (root: string, file: string, ext: string) => string;
 }

src/fs/node.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import * as _ from '../util/underscore'
 import { resolve, extname } from 'path'
-import { stat, readFile } from 'fs'
+import { stat, statSync, readFile, readFileSync } from 'fs'
 import IFS from './ifs'
 
 const statAsync = _.promisify(stat)
@@ -13,6 +13,17 @@ const fs: IFS = {
   readFile: filepath => {
     return readFileAsync(filepath, 'utf8')
   },
+  existsSync: (filepath: string) => {
+    try {
+      statSync(filepath)
+      return true
+    } catch (err) {
+      return false
+    }
+  },
+  readFileSync: filepath => {
+    return readFileSync(filepath, 'utf8')
+  },
   resolve: (root: string, file: string, ext: string) => {
     if (!extname(file)) file += ext
     return resolve(root, file)

src/liquid-options.ts

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export function applyDefault (options?: NormalizedOptions): NormalizedFullOption
   return { ...defaultOptions, ...options }
 }
 
-function normalizeStringArray (value: any): string[] {
+export function normalizeStringArray (value: any): string[] {
   if (_.isArray(value)) return value as string[]
   if (_.isString(value)) return [value as string]
   return []

src/liquid.ts

@@ -11,9 +11,12 @@ import { ITagImplOptions } from './template/tag/itag-impl-options'
 import { Value } from './template/value'
 import builtinTags from './builtin/tags'
 import builtinFilters from './builtin/filters'
-import { LiquidOptions, NormalizedFullOptions, applyDefault, normalize } from './liquid-options'
+import { LiquidOptions, normalizeStringArray, NormalizedFullOptions, applyDefault, normalize } from './liquid-options'
 import { FilterImplOptions } from './template/filter/filter-impl-options'
 import IFS from './fs/ifs'
+
+type GetTemplateResult = ITemplate[] | undefined
+
 export * from './types'
 
 export class Liquid {
@@ -34,47 +37,72 @@ export class Liquid {
     _.forOwn(builtinTags, (conf, name) => this.registerTag(name, conf))
     _.forOwn(builtinFilters, (handler, name) => this.registerFilter(name, handler))
   }
-  public parse (html: string, filepath?: string) {
+  public parse (html: string, filepath?: string): ITemplate[] {
     const tokens = this.tokenizer.tokenize(html, filepath)
     return this.parser.parse(tokens)
   }
-  public render (tpl: ITemplate[], scope?: object, opts?: LiquidOptions) {
+  public render (tpl: ITemplate[], scope?: object, opts?: LiquidOptions): Promise<string> {
     const options = { ...this.options, ...normalize(opts) }
     const ctx = new Context(scope, options)
     return this.renderer.renderTemplates(tpl, ctx)
   }
-  public async parseAndRender (html: string, ctx?: object, opts?: LiquidOptions) {
+  public renderSync (tpl: ITemplate[], scope?: object, opts?: LiquidOptions): string {
-    const tpl = await this.parse(html)
+    const options = { ...this.options, ...normalize(opts) }
-    return this.render(tpl, ctx, opts)
+    const ctx = new Context(scope, options, true)
+    return this.renderer.renderTemplatesSync(tpl, ctx)
   }
-  public async getTemplate (file: string, opts?: LiquidOptions) {
+  public async parseAndRender (html: string, scope?: object, opts?: LiquidOptions): Promise<string> {
-    const options = normalize(opts)
+    const tpl = this.parse(html)
-    const roots = options.root ? [...options.root, ...this.options.root] : this.options.root
+    return this.render(tpl, scope, opts)
-    const paths = roots.map(root => this.fs.resolve(root, file, this.options.extname))
+  }
+  public parseAndRenderSync (html: string, scope?: object, opts?: LiquidOptions): string {
+    const tpl = this.parse(html)
+    return this.renderSync(tpl, scope, opts)
+  }
+  public getTemplateSync (file: string, opts?: LiquidOptions): ITemplate[] {
+    const options = { ...this.options, ...normalize(opts) }
+    const paths = options.root.map(root => this.fs.resolve(root, file, options.extname))
 
     for (const filepath of paths) {
-      if (this.options.cache && this.cache[filepath]) return this.cache[filepath]
+      const tpl = this.respectCache(filepath, () => {
-
+        if (!(this.fs.existsSync(filepath))) return
-      if (!(await this.fs.exists(filepath))) continue
+        return this.parse(this.fs.readFileSync(filepath), filepath)
-
+      })
-      const value = this.parse(await this.fs.readFile(filepath), filepath)
+      if (tpl) return tpl
-      if (this.options.cache) this.cache[filepath] = value
-      return value
     }
 
-    const err = new Error('ENOENT') as any
+    throw this.lookupError(file, options.root)
-    err.message = `ENOENT: Failed to lookup "${file}" in "${roots}"`
+  }
-    err.code = 'ENOENT'
+  public async getTemplate (file: string, opts?: LiquidOptions): Promise<ITemplate[]> {
-    throw err
+    const options = { ...this.options, ...normalize(opts) }
+    const paths = options.root.map(root => this.fs.resolve(root, file, options.extname))
+
+    for (const filepath of paths) {
+      const tpl = await this.respectCache(filepath, async () => {
+        if (!(await this.fs.exists(filepath))) return
+        return this.parse(await this.fs.readFile(filepath), filepath)
+      })
+      if (tpl !== undefined) return tpl
+    }
+    throw this.lookupError(file, options.root)
   }
   public async renderFile (file: string, ctx?: object, opts?: LiquidOptions) {
-    const options = normalize(opts)
+    const templates = await this.getTemplate(file, opts)
-    const templates = await this.getTemplate(file, options)
     return this.render(templates, ctx, opts)
   }
-  public evalValue (str: string, ctx: Context) {
+  public renderFileSync (file: string, ctx?: object, opts?: LiquidOptions) {
+    const options = normalize(opts)
+    const templates = this.getTemplateSync(file, options)
+    return this.renderSync(templates, ctx, opts)
+  }
+  public async evalValue (str: string, ctx: Context): Promise<any> {
     return new Value(str, this.options.strictFilters).value(ctx)
   }
+
+  public evalValueSync (str: string, ctx: Context): any {
+    return new Value(str, this.options.strictFilters).valueSync(ctx)
+  }
+
   public registerFilter (name: string, filter: FilterImplOptions) {
     return Filter.register(name, filter)
   }
@@ -85,10 +113,35 @@ export class Liquid {
     return plugin.call(this, Liquid)
   }
   public express () {
-    const self = this
+    const self = this // eslint-disable-line
     return function (this: any, filePath: string, ctx: object, cb: (err: Error | null, html?: string) => void) {
-      const opts = { root: this.root }
+      const opts = { root: [...normalizeStringArray(this.root), ...self.options.root] }
       self.renderFile(filePath, ctx, opts).then(html => cb(null, html), cb)
     }
   }
+
+  private lookupError (file: string, roots: string[]) {
+    const err = new Error('ENOENT') as any
+    err.message = `ENOENT: Failed to lookup "${file}" in "${roots}"`
+    err.code = 'ENOENT'
+    return err
+  }
+
+  private setCache<T extends GetTemplateResult> (filepath: string, tpl: T): T {
+    if (tpl === undefined) return tpl
+    this.cache[filepath] = tpl
+    return tpl
+  }
+
+  private respectCache (filepath: string, resolver: () => GetTemplateResult): GetTemplateResult
+  private respectCache (filepath: string, resolver: () => Promise<GetTemplateResult>): Promise<GetTemplateResult>
+  private respectCache (filepath: string, resolver: () => GetTemplateResult | Promise<GetTemplateResult>): GetTemplateResult | Promise<GetTemplateResult> {
+    if (!this.options.cache) return resolver()
+    if (this.cache[filepath]) return this.cache[filepath]
+    const tpl = resolver()
+    if (tpl instanceof Promise) {
+      return tpl.then(c => this.setCache(filepath, c))
+    }
+    return this.setCache(filepath, tpl)
+  }
 }

src/render/emitter.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 export class Emitter {
-  public html: string = '';
+  public html = '';
+  public break = false;
+  public continue = false;
 
   public write (html: string) {
     this.html += html

src/render/expression.ts

@@ -1,38 +1,55 @@
 import { assert } from '../util/assert'
-import { isRange, rangeValue } from './range'
+import { isRange, rangeValue, rangeValueSync } from './range'
 import { Value } from './value'
 import { Context } from '../context/context'
 import { toValue } from '../util/underscore'
 import { isOperator, precedence, operatorImpls } from './operator'
 
 export class Expression {
-  private str: string
+  private operands: any[] = []
+  private postfix: string[]
 
-  public constructor (str: string = '') {
+  public constructor (str = '') {
-    this.str = str
+    this.postfix = [...toPostfix(str)]
   }
-  public evaluate (ctx: Context): any {
+  public async evaluate (ctx: Context): Promise<any> {
     assert(ctx, 'unable to evaluate: context not defined')
 
-    const operands = []
+    for (const token of this.postfix) {
-    for (const token of toPostfix(this.str)) {
       if (isOperator(token)) {
-        const r = operands.pop()
+        this.evaluateOnce(token)
-        const l = operands.pop()
+      } else if (isRange(token)) {
+        this.operands.push(await rangeValue(token, ctx))
+      } else this.operands.push(await new Value(token).evaluate(ctx))
+    }
+    return this.operands[0]
+  }
+  public evaluateSync (ctx: Context): any {
+    assert(ctx, 'unable to evaluate: context not defined')
+
+    for (const token of this.postfix) {
+      if (isOperator(token)) {
+        this.evaluateOnce(token)
+      } else if (isRange(token)) {
+        this.operands.push(rangeValueSync(token, ctx))
+      } else {
+        const val = new Value(token).evaluateSync(ctx)
+        this.operands.push(val)
+      }
+    }
+    return this.operands[0]
+  }
+  public async value (ctx: Context): Promise<any> {
+    return toValue(await this.evaluate(ctx))
+  }
+  public valueSync (ctx: Context): any {
+    return toValue(this.evaluateSync(ctx))
+  }
+  private evaluateOnce (token: string) {
+    const r = this.operands.pop()
+    const l = this.operands.pop()
     const result = operatorImpls[token](l, r)
-        operands.push(result)
+    this.operands.push(result)
-        continue
-      }
-      if (isRange(token)) {
-        operands.push(rangeValue(token, ctx))
-        continue
-      }
-      operands.push(new Value(token).evaluate(ctx))
-    }
-    return operands[0]
-  }
-  public value (ctx: Context): any {
-    return toValue(this.evaluate(ctx))
   }
 }
 

src/render/range.ts

@@ -3,15 +3,24 @@ import { Context } from '../context/context'
 import { range } from '../util/underscore'
 import { Value } from './value'
 
-export function isRange (token: string = '') {
+export function isRange (token: string) {
   return token[0] === '(' && token[token.length - 1] === ')'
 }
 
-export function rangeValue (token: string = '', ctx: Context) {
+export async function rangeValue (token: string, ctx: Context) {
   let match
   if ((match = token.match(rangeLine))) {
-    const low = new Value(match[1]).value(ctx)
+    const low = await new Value(match[1]).value(ctx)
-    const high = new Value(match[2]).value(ctx)
+    const high = await new Value(match[2]).value(ctx)
+    return range(+low, +high + 1)
+  }
+}
+
+export function rangeValueSync (token: string, ctx: Context) {
+  let match
+  if ((match = token.match(rangeLine))) {
+    const low = new Value(match[1]).valueSync(ctx)
+    const high = new Value(match[2]).valueSync(ctx)
     return range(+low, +high + 1)
   }
 }

src/render/render.ts

@@ -4,13 +4,26 @@ import { ITemplate } from '../template/itemplate'
 import { Emitter } from './emitter'
 
 export class Render {
-  public async renderTemplates (templates: ITemplate[], ctx: Context, emitter = new Emitter()) {
+  public async renderTemplates (templates: ITemplate[], ctx: Context, emitter = new Emitter()): Promise<string> {
     for (const tpl of templates) {
       try {
-        await tpl.render(ctx, emitter)
+        const html = await tpl.render(ctx, emitter)
+        html && emitter.write(html)
+        if (emitter.break || emitter.continue) break
       } catch (e) {
-        if (e.name === 'RenderBreakError') throw e
+        throw RenderError.is(e) ? e : new RenderError(e, tpl)
-        throw e.name === 'RenderError' ? e : new RenderError(e, tpl)
+      }
+    }
+    return emitter.html
+  }
+  public renderTemplatesSync (templates: ITemplate[], ctx: Context, emitter = new Emitter()): string {
+    for (const tpl of templates) {
+      try {
+        const html = tpl.renderSync(ctx, emitter)
+        html && !(html instanceof Promise) && emitter.write(html)
+        if (emitter.break || emitter.continue) break
+      } catch (e) {
+        throw RenderError.is(e) ? e : new RenderError(e, tpl)
       }
     }
     return emitter.html

src/render/value.ts

@@ -5,11 +5,15 @@ import { parseLiteral } from '../parser/literal'
 export class Value {
   private str: string
 
-  public constructor (str: string = '') {
+  public constructor (str: string) {
     this.str = str
   }
 
-  public evaluate (ctx: Context) {
+  public async evaluate (ctx: Context) {
+    return this.evaluateSync(ctx)
+  }
+
+  public evaluateSync (ctx: Context) {
     const literalValue = parseLiteral(this.str)
     if (literalValue !== undefined) {
       return literalValue
@@ -17,7 +21,11 @@ export class Value {
     return ctx.get(this.str)
   }
 
-  public value (ctx: Context) {
+  public async value (ctx: Context) {
-    return toValue(this.evaluate(ctx))
+    return toValue(await this.evaluate(ctx))
+  }
+
+  public valueSync (ctx: Context) {
+    return toValue(this.evaluateSync(ctx))
   }
 }

src/template/filter/filter.ts

@@ -21,11 +21,19 @@ export class Filter {
     this.impl = impl || (x => x)
     this.args = args
   }
-  public render (value: any, context: Context) {
+  public async render (value: any, context: Context) {
     const argv: any[] = []
     for (const arg of this.args) {
-      if (isKeyValuePair(arg)) argv.push([arg[0], new Expression(arg[1]).evaluate(context)])
+      if (isKeyValuePair(arg)) argv.push([arg[0], await new Expression(arg[1]).evaluate(context)])
-      else argv.push(new Expression(arg).evaluate(context))
+      else argv.push(await new Expression(arg).evaluate(context))
+    }
+    return this.impl.apply({ context }, [value, ...argv])
+  }
+  public renderSync (value: any, context: Context) {
+    const argv: any[] = []
+    for (const arg of this.args) {
+      if (isKeyValuePair(arg)) argv.push([arg[0], new Expression(arg[1]).evaluateSync(context)])
+      else argv.push(new Expression(arg).evaluateSync(context))
     }
     return this.impl.apply({ context }, [value, ...argv])
   }

src/template/html.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@ export class HTML extends Template<HTMLToken> implements ITemplate {
     super(token)
     this.str = token.value
   }
-  public render (ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter) {
+  public renderSync (ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter) {
     emitter.write(this.str)
   }
+  public async render (ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter) {
+    this.renderSync(ctx, emitter)
+  }
 }

src/template/itemplate.ts

@@ -4,5 +4,6 @@ import { Emitter } from '../render/emitter'
 
 export interface ITemplate {
   token: Token;
-  render(ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter): Promise<void> | void;
+  render(ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter): Promise<any>;
+  renderSync(ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter): any;
 }

src/template/output.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ export class Output extends Template<OutputToken> implements ITemplate {
     super(token)
     this.value = new Value(token.value, strictFilters)
   }
+  public renderSync (ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter) {
+    const val = this.value.valueSync(ctx)
+    emitter.write(stringify(toValue(val)))
+  }
   public async render (ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter) {
     const val = await this.value.value(ctx)
     emitter.write(stringify(toValue(val)))

src/template/tag/hash.ts

@@ -10,14 +10,28 @@ import { Context } from '../../context/context'
  */
 export class Hash {
   [key: string]: any
-  public static async create (markup: string, ctx: Context) {
+  private static parse (markup: string) {
     const instance = new Hash()
     let match
     hashCapture.lastIndex = 0
     while ((match = hashCapture.exec(markup))) {
       const k = match[1]
       const v = match[2]
-      instance[k] = new Expression(v).evaluate(ctx)
+      instance[k] = v
+    }
+    return instance
+  }
+  public static createSync (markup: string, ctx: Context) {
+    const instance = Hash.parse(markup)
+    for (const key of Object.keys(instance)) {
+      instance[key] = new Expression(instance[key]).evaluateSync(ctx)
+    }
+    return instance
+  }
+  public static async create (markup: string, ctx: Context) {
+    const instance = Hash.parse(markup)
+    for (const key of Object.keys(instance)) {
+      instance[key] = await new Expression(instance[key]).evaluate(ctx)
     }
     return instance
   }

src/template/tag/itag-impl-options.ts

@@ -8,4 +8,5 @@ import { Emitter } from '../../render/emitter'
 export interface ITagImplOptions {
   parse?: (this: ITagImpl, token: TagToken, remainingTokens: Token[]) => void;
   render: (this: ITagImpl, ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) => void;
+  renderSync?: (this: ITagImpl, ctx: Context, hash: Hash, emitter: Emitter) => void;
 }

src/template/tag/tag.ts

@@ -23,10 +23,16 @@ export class Tag extends Template<TagToken> implements ITemplate {
       this.impl.parse(token, tokens)
     }
   }
+  public renderSync (ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter) {
+    const hash = Hash.createSync(this.token.args, ctx)
+    const impl = this.impl
+    if (isFunction(impl.renderSync)) return impl.renderSync(ctx, hash, emitter)
+    if (isFunction(impl.render)) return impl.render(ctx, hash, emitter)
+  }
   public async render (ctx: Context, emitter: Emitter) {
     const hash = await Hash.create(this.token.args, ctx)
     const impl = this.impl
-    if (isFunction(impl.render)) await impl.render(ctx, hash, emitter)
+    if (isFunction(impl.render)) return impl.render(ctx, hash, emitter)
   }
   public static register (name: string, tag: ITagImplOptions) {
     Tag.impls[name] = tag

src/template/value.ts

@@ -47,10 +47,17 @@ export class Value {
     }
     this.filters.push(new Filter(name, args, this.strictFilters))
   }
-  public value (ctx: Context) {
+  public async value (ctx: Context) {
-    let val = new Expression(this.initial).evaluate(ctx)
+    let val = await new Expression(this.initial).evaluate(ctx)
     for (const filter of this.filters) {
-      val = filter.render(val, ctx)
+      val = await filter.render(val, ctx)
+    }
+    return val
+  }
+  public valueSync (ctx: Context) {
+    let val = new Expression(this.initial).evaluateSync(ctx)
+    for (const filter of this.filters) {
+      val = filter.renderSync(val, ctx)
     }
     return val
   }

src/types.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-export { ParseError, TokenizationError, RenderBreakError, AssertionError } from './util/error'
+export { ParseError, TokenizationError, AssertionError } from './util/error'
 export { Drop } from './drop/drop'
 export { Emitter } from './render/emitter'
 export { Expression } from './render/expression'

src/util/error.ts

@@ -43,14 +43,8 @@ export class RenderError extends LiquidError {
     this.message = err.message
     super.update()
   }
-}
+  public static is (obj: any): obj is RenderError {
-
+    return obj instanceof RenderError
-export class RenderBreakError extends Error {
-  public resolvedHTML: string = ''
-  public constructor (message: string) {
-    super(message)
-    this.name = 'RenderBreakError'
-    this.message = message + ''
   }
 }
 

test/e2e/eval-value-sync.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { expect } from 'chai'
+import { Liquid } from '../..'
+
+describe('#evalValueSync()', function () {
+  var engine: Liquid
+  beforeEach(() => { engine = new Liquid() })
+
+  it('should throw when scope undefined', async function () {
+    return expect(() => engine.evalValueSync('{{"foo"}}', null as any)).to.throw(/context not defined/)
+  })
+})

test/e2e/eval-value.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ describe('.evalValue()', function () {
   beforeEach(() => { engine = new Liquid() })
 
   it('should throw when scope undefined', async function () {
-    return expect(() => engine.evalValue('{{"foo"}}', null as any)).to.throw(/context not defined/)
+    return expect(engine.evalValue('{{"foo"}}', null as any)).to.be.rejectedWith(/context not defined/)
   })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/assign.ts

@@ -81,4 +81,9 @@ describe('tags/assign', function () {
       return expect(html).to.equal('12 2')
     })
   })
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    const src = '{% assign foo="bar" %}{{foo}}'
+    const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+    return expect(html).to.equal('bar')
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/capture.ts

@@ -32,4 +32,9 @@ describe('tags/capture', function () {
     return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src))
       .to.be.rejectedWith(/tag .* not closed/)
   })
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    const src = '{% capture f %}{{"a" | capitalize}}{%endcapture%}{{f}}'
+    const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+    return expect(html).to.equal('A')
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/case.ts

@@ -48,4 +48,20 @@ describe('tags/case', function () {
     const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src)
     return expect(html).to.equal('d')
   })
+  describe('sync support', function () {
+    it('should hit the specified case', function () {
+      const src = '{% case "foo"%}' +
+              '{% when "foo" %}foo{% when "bar"%}bar' +
+              '{%endcase%}'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+      return expect(html).to.equal('foo')
+    })
+    it('should support else branch', function () {
+      const src = '{% case "a" %}' +
+              '{% when "b" %}b{% when "c"%}c{%else %}d' +
+              '{%endcase%}'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+      return expect(html).to.equal('d')
+    })
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/comment.ts

@@ -31,4 +31,11 @@ describe('tags/comment', function () {
     const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src)
     return expect(html).to.equal('')
   })
+  describe('sync support', function () {
+    it('should ignore plain string', function () {
+      const src = 'My name is {% comment %}super{% endcomment %} Shopify.'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+      return expect(html).to.equal('My name is  Shopify.')
+    })
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/cycle.ts

@@ -35,4 +35,9 @@ describe('tags/cycle', function () {
     const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
     return expect(html).to.equal('121')
   })
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    const src = "{% cycle '1', '2', '3' %}"
+    const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src + src + src + src)
+    return expect(html).to.equal('1231')
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/for.ts

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ import { Scope } from '../../../../src/context/scope'
 use(chaiAsPromised)
 
 describe('tags/for', function () {
-  let liquid: Liquid, ctx: Scope
+  let liquid: Liquid, scope: Scope
   before(function () {
     liquid = new Liquid()
     liquid.registerTag('throwingTag', {
       render: function () { throw new Error('intended render error') }
     })
-    ctx = {
+    scope = {
       one: 1,
       // eslint-disable-next-line
       strObj: new String(''),
@@ -25,30 +25,30 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
   })
   it('should support array', async function () {
     const src = '{%for c in alpha%}{{c}}{%endfor%}'
-    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
     return expect(html).to.equal('abc')
   })
 
   it('should support object', async function () {
     const src = '{%for item in obj%}{{item[0]}},{{item[1]}}-{%else%}b{%endfor%}'
-    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
     return expect(html).to.equal('foo,bar-coo,haa-')
   })
   it('should output forloop', async function () {
     const src = '{%for i in (1..1)%}{{forloop}}{%endfor%}'
-    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
     return expect(html).to.equal('{"i":0,"length":1}')
   })
   describe('illegal', function () {
     it('should reject when for not closed', function () {
       const src = '{%for c in alpha%}{{c}}'
-      return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx))
+      return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope))
         .to.be.rejectedWith(/tag .* not closed/)
     })
 
     it('should reject when inner templates rejected', function () {
       const src = '{%for c in alpha%}{%throwingTag%}{%endfor%}'
-      return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx))
+      return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope))
         .to.be.rejectedWith(/intended render error/)
     })
   })
@@ -56,38 +56,38 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
   describe('else', function () {
     it('should goto else for empty array', async function () {
       const src = '{%for c in emptyArray%}a{%else%}b{%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('b')
     })
 
     it('should treat non-empty string as one single element', async function () {
       const src = '{%for c in "abc"%}x{{c}}{%else%}y{%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('xabc')
     })
 
     it('should goto else for empty string', async function () {
       const src = '{%for c in ""%}a{%else%}b{%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('b')
     })
 
     it('should goto else for empty string object', async function () {
       // it should be false although `new String` is none-conform
       const src = '{%for c in strObj%}a{%else%}b{%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('b')
     })
 
     it('should goto else for empty object', async function () {
       const src = '{%for c in emptyObj%}a{%else%}b{%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('b')
     })
 
     it('should goto else for null-prototyped object', async function () {
       const src = '{%for c in nullProtoObj%}a{%else%}b{%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('b')
     })
   })
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
     const dst = 'true.1.0.false.3.3.2a\n' +
             'false.2.1.false.3.2.1b\n' +
             'false.3.2.true.3.1.0c\n'
-    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
     return expect(html).to.equal(dst)
   })
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
       const src = '{% for i in (1..5) %}' +
               '{% if i == 4 %}continue{% continue %}{% endif %}{{i}}' +
               '{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('123continue5')
     })
     it('should output contents before continue', async function () {
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
         '{% if i == 4 %}continue{% continue %}{% endif %}' +
         '{{ i }}' +
         '{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('123continue5')
     })
   })
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
         '{% if i == 4 %}{% break %}{% endif %}' +
         '{{ i }}' +
         '{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('123')
     })
     it('should output contents before break', async function () {
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
         '{% if i == 4 %}breaking{% break %}{% endif %}' +
         '{{ i }}' +
         '{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('123breaking')
     })
   })
@@ -145,22 +145,22 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
   describe('limit', function () {
     it('should support for with limit', async function () {
       const src = '{% for i in (1..5) limit:2 %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('12')
     })
     it('should set forloop.last properly', async function () {
       const src = '{%for i in (1..10) limit:2 offset:3%}{{forloop.last}} {%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('false true ')
     })
     it('should set forloop.first properly', async function () {
       const src = '{%for i in (1..10) limit:2 offset:3%}{{forloop.first}} {%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('true false ')
     })
     it('should set forloop.length properly', function () {
       const src = '{%for i in (1..10) limit:2 offset:3%}{{forloop.length}} {%endfor%}'
-      return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx))
+      return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope))
         .to.eventually.equal('2 2 ')
     })
   })
@@ -168,27 +168,27 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
   describe('offset', function () {
     it('should support offset with limit', async function () {
       const src = '{% for i in (1..10) limit:2 offset:5%}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('67')
     })
     it('should set index properly', async function () {
       const src = '{%for i in (1..10) limit:2 offset:3%}{{forloop.index}} {%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('1 2 ')
     })
     it('should set index0 properly', async function () {
       const src = '{%for i in (1..10) limit:2 offset:3%}{{forloop.index0}} {%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('0 1 ')
     })
     it('should set rindex properly', async function () {
       const src = '{%for i in (1..10) limit:2 offset:3%}{{forloop.rindex}} {%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('2 1 ')
     })
     it('should set rindex0 properly', async function () {
       const src = '{%for i in (1..10) limit:2 offset:3%}{{forloop.rindex0}} {%endfor%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('1 0 ')
     })
   })
@@ -196,20 +196,47 @@ describe('tags/for', function () {
   describe('reverse', function () {
     it('should support for reversed in the last position', async function () {
       const src = '{% for i in (1..5) limit:2 reversed %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('21')
     })
 
     it('should support for reversed in the first position', async function () {
       const src = '{% for i in (1..5) reversed limit:2 %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('21')
     })
 
     it('should support for reversed in the middle position', async function () {
       const src = '{% for i in (1..5) offset:2 reversed limit:4 %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src)
       return expect(html).to.equal('543')
     })
   })
+  describe('sync', function () {
+    it('should support sync', function () {
+      const src = '{% for i in (1..5) %}{{i}}{%endfor%}'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+      return expect(html).to.equal('12345')
+    })
+    it('should output contents before break', function () {
+      const src = '{% for i in (1..5) %}' +
+        '{% if i == 4 %}breaking{% break %}{% endif %}' +
+        '{{ i }}' +
+        '{% endfor %}'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src, scope)
+      return expect(html).to.equal('123breaking')
+    })
+    it('should support for with continue', function () {
+      const src = '{% for i in (1..5) %}' +
+              '{% if i == 4 %}continue{% continue %}{% endif %}{{i}}' +
+              '{% endfor %}'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src, scope)
+      return expect(html).to.equal('123continue5')
+    })
+    it('should goto else for empty array', async function () {
+      const src = '{%for c in emptyArray%}a{%else%}b{%endfor%}'
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src, scope)
+      return expect(html).to.equal('b')
+    })
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/if.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { expect } from 'chai'
 
 describe('tags/if', function () {
   const liquid = new Liquid()
-  const ctx = {
+  const scope = {
     one: 1,
     two: 2,
     emptyString: '',
@@ -12,52 +12,52 @@ describe('tags/if', function () {
 
   it('should throw if not closed', function () {
     const src = '{% if false%}yes'
-    return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx))
+    return expect(liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope))
       .to.be.rejectedWith(/tag {% if false%} not closed/)
   })
   it('should support nested', async function () {
     const src = '{%if false%}{%if true%}{%else%}a{%endif%}{%endif%}'
-    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
     return expect(html).to.equal('')
   })
 
   describe('single value as condition', function () {
     it('should support boolean', async function () {
       const src = '{% if false %}1{%elsif true%}2{%else%}3{%endif%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('2')
     })
     it('should treat Array truthy', async function () {
       const src = '{%if emptyArray%}a{%endif%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('a')
     })
     it('should return true if empty string', async function () {
       const src = '{%if emptyString%}a{%endif%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('a')
     })
   })
   describe('expression as condition', function () {
     it('should support ==', async function () {
       const src = '{% if 2 == 3 %}yes{%else%}no{%endif%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
     it('should support >=', async function () {
       const src = '{% if 1 >= 2 and one<two %}a{%endif%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('')
     })
     it('should support !=', async function () {
       const src = '{% if one != two %}yes{%else%}no{%endif%}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('yes')
     })
     it('should support value and expression', async function () {
       const src = `X{%if version and version != '' %}x{{version}}y{%endif%}Y`
-      const ctx = { 'version': '' }
+      const scope = { 'version': '' }
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('XY')
     })
     it('should evaluate right to left', async function () {
@@ -69,50 +69,55 @@ describe('tags/if', function () {
   describe('comparasion to null', function () {
     it('should evaluate false for null < 10', async function () {
       const src = '{% if null < 10 %}yes{% else %}no{% endif %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
 
     it('should evaluate false for null > 10', async function () {
       const src = '{% if null > 10 %}yes{% else %}no{% endif %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
 
     it('should evaluate false for null <= 10', async function () {
       const src = '{% if null <= 10 %}yes{% else %}no{% endif %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
 
     it('should evaluate false for null >= 10', async function () {
       const src = '{% if null >= 10 %}yes{% else %}no{% endif %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
 
     it('should evaluate false for 10 < null', async function () {
       const src = '{% if 10 < null %}yes{% else %}no{% endif %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
 
     it('should evaluate false for 10 > null', async function () {
       const src = '{% if 10 > null %}yes{% else %}no{% endif %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
 
     it('should evaluate false for 10 <= null', async function () {
       const src = '{% if 10 <= null %}yes{% else %}no{% endif %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
 
     it('should evaluate false for 10 >= null', async function () {
       const src = '{% if 10 >= null %}yes{% else %}no{% endif %}'
-      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, ctx)
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, scope)
       return expect(html).to.equal('no')
     })
   })
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    const src = '{%if true%}true{%else%}false{%endif%}'
+    const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src, scope)
+    return expect(html).to.equal('true')
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/include.ts

@@ -171,4 +171,39 @@ describe('tags/include', function () {
       return expect(html).to.equal('Xchild with redY')
     })
   })
+  describe('sync support', function () {
+    it('should support quoted string', function () {
+      mock({
+        '/current.html': 'bar{% include "bar/foo.html" %}bar',
+        '/bar/foo.html': 'foo'
+      })
+      const html = liquid.renderFileSync('/current.html')
+      return expect(html).to.equal('barfoobar')
+    })
+    it('should support template string', function () {
+      mock({
+        '/current.html': 'bar{% include name" %}bar',
+        '/bar/foo.html': 'foo'
+      })
+      const html = liquid.renderFileSync('/current.html', { name: '/bar/foo.html' })
+      return expect(html).to.equal('barfoobar')
+    })
+    it('should support include: with', function () {
+      mock({
+        '/with.html': '{% include "color" with "red", shape: "rect" %}',
+        '/color.html': 'color:{{color}}, shape:{{shape}}'
+      })
+      const html = liquid.renderFileSync('with.html')
+      return expect(html).to.equal('color:red, shape:rect')
+    })
+    it('should support filename with extention', function () {
+      mock({
+        '/parent.html': 'X{% include child.html color:"red" %}Y',
+        '/child.html': 'child with {{color}}'
+      })
+      const staticLiquid = new Liquid({ dynamicPartials: false, root: '/' })
+      const html = staticLiquid.renderFileSync('parent.html')
+      return expect(html).to.equal('Xchild with redY')
+    })
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/layout.ts

@@ -133,4 +133,13 @@ describe('tags/layout', function () {
       return expect(html).to.equal('blackA')
     })
   })
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    mock({
+      '/grand.html': 'X{%block a%}G{%endblock%}Y',
+      '/parent.html': '{%layout "grand" %}{%block a%}P{%endblock%}',
+      '/main.html': '{%layout "parent"%}{%block a%}A{%endblock%}'
+    })
+    const html = liquid.renderFileSync('/main.html')
+    return expect(html).to.equal('XAY')
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/raw.ts

@@ -3,20 +3,24 @@ import { expect } from 'chai'
 
 describe('tags/raw', function () {
   const liquid = new Liquid()
-  it('should support raw 1', async function () {
+  it('should throw when not closed', async function () {
     const p = liquid.parseAndRender('{% raw%}')
     return expect(p).be.rejectedWith(/{% raw%} not closed/)
   })
-  it('should support raw 2', async function () {
+  it('should output filters as it is', async function () {
     const src = '{% raw %}{{ 5 | plus: 6 }}{% endraw %} is equal to 11.'
     const dst = '{{ 5 | plus: 6 }} is equal to 11.'
     const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src)
     return expect(html).to.equal(dst)
   })
-  it('should support raw 3', async function () {
+  it('should preserve blank characters', async function () {
     const src = '{% raw %}\n{{ foo}} \n{% endraw %}'
     const dst = '\n{{ foo}} \n'
     const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src)
     return expect(html).to.equal(dst)
   })
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync('{% raw %}{{foo}}{% endraw %}')
+    return expect(html).to.equal('{{foo}}')
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/tablerow.ts

@@ -107,4 +107,18 @@ describe('tags/tablerow', function () {
       return expect(html).to.equal(dst)
     })
   })
+  describe('sync support', function () {
+    it('should support tablerow', function () {
+      const src = '{% tablerow i in (1..3)%}{{ i }}{% endtablerow %}'
+      const dst = '<tr class="row1"><td class="col1">1</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3">3</td></tr>'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+      expect(html).to.equal(dst)
+    })
+    it('should support empty tablerow', function () {
+      const src = '{% tablerow i in "" cols:2 %}{{ i }}{% endtablerow %}'
+      const dst = ''
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+      return expect(html).to.equal(dst)
+    })
+  })
 })

test/integration/builtin/tags/unless.ts

@@ -34,4 +34,16 @@ describe('tags/unless', function () {
     const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src)
     return expect(html).to.equal('')
   })
+  describe('sync support', function () {
+    it('should render else when predicate yields true', function () {
+      const src = '{% unless 0 %}yes{%else%}no{%endunless%}'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+      expect(html).to.equal('no')
+    })
+    it('should render unless when predicate yields false', function () {
+      const src = '{% unless false %}yes{%else%}no{%endunless%}'
+      const html = liquid.parseAndRenderSync(src)
+      expect(html).to.equal('yes')
+    })
+  })
 })

test/integration/drop/drop.ts

@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@ describe('drop/drop', function () {
     const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(`{{obj.name}}`, { obj: new PromiseDrop() })
     expect(html).to.equal('NAME')
   })
+  it('should resolve before calling filters', async function () {
+    const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(`{{obj.name | downcase}}`, { obj: new PromiseDrop() })
+    expect(html).to.equal('name')
+  })
   it('should support promise returned by liquidMethodMissing', async function () {
     const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(`{{obj.foo}}`, { obj: new PromiseDrop() })
     expect(html).to.equal('FOO')

test/integration/liquid/cache.ts

@@ -3,36 +3,87 @@ import { Liquid } from '../../../src/liquid'
 import { mock, restore } from '../../stub/mockfs'
 
 describe('LiquidOptions#cache', function () {
-  let engine: Liquid
+  afterEach(restore)
-  beforeEach(function () {
+
-    engine = new Liquid({
+  describe('#renderFile', function () {
+    it('should be disabled by default', async function () {
+      const engine = new Liquid({
         root: '/root/',
         extname: '.html'
       })
       mock({ '/root/files/foo.html': 'foo' })
+      const x = await engine.renderFile('files/foo')
+      expect(x).to.equal('foo')
+      mock({ '/root/files/foo.html': 'bar' })
+      const y = await engine.renderFile('files/foo')
+      expect(y).to.equal('bar')
     })
-  afterEach(restore)
+    it('should respect cache=true option', async function () {
-  it('should be disabled by default', function () {
+      const engine = new Liquid({
-    return engine.renderFile('files/foo')
-      .then(x => expect(x).to.equal('foo'))
-      .then(() => mock({
-        '/root/files/foo.html': 'bar'
-      }))
-      .then(() => engine.renderFile('files/foo'))
-      .then(x => expect(x).to.equal('bar'))
-  })
-  it('should respect cache=true option', function () {
-    engine = new Liquid({
         root: '/root/',
         extname: '.html',
         cache: true
       })
-    return engine.renderFile('files/foo')
+      mock({ '/root/files/foo.html': 'foo' })
-      .then(x => expect(x).to.equal('foo'))
+      const x = await engine.renderFile('files/foo')
-      .then(() => mock({
+      expect(x).to.equal('foo')
-        '/root/files/foo.html': 'bar'
+      mock({ '/root/files/foo.html': 'bar' })
-      }))
+      const y = await engine.renderFile('files/foo')
-      .then(() => engine.renderFile('files/foo'))
+      expect(y).to.equal('foo')
-      .then(x => expect(x).to.equal('foo'))
+    })
+    it('should not cache not exist file', async function () {
+      const engine = new Liquid({
+        root: '/root/',
+        extname: '.html',
+        cache: true
+      })
+      try { await engine.renderFile('foo') } catch (err) {}
+
+      mock({ '/root/foo.html': 'foo' })
+      const y = await engine.renderFile('foo')
+      expect(y).to.equal('foo')
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('#renderFileSync', function () {
+    it('should be disabled by default', function () {
+      const engine = new Liquid({
+        root: '/root/',
+        extname: '.html'
+      })
+      mock({ '/root/foo.html': 'foo' })
+      const x = engine.renderFileSync('foo')
+      expect(x).to.equal('foo')
+
+      mock({ '/root/foo.html': 'bar' })
+      const y = engine.renderFileSync('foo')
+      expect(y).to.equal('bar')
+    })
+    it('should respect cache=true option', function () {
+      const engine = new Liquid({
+        root: '/root/',
+        extname: '.html',
+        cache: true
+      })
+      mock({ '/root/foo.html': 'foo' })
+      const x = engine.renderFileSync('foo')
+      expect(x).to.equal('foo')
+
+      mock({ '/root/foo.html': 'bar' })
+      const y = engine.renderFileSync('foo')
+      expect(y).to.equal('foo')
+    })
+    it('should not cache not exist file', async function () {
+      const engine = new Liquid({
+        root: '/root/',
+        extname: '.html',
+        cache: true
+      })
+      try { engine.renderFileSync('foo') } catch (err) {}
+
+      mock({ '/root/foo.html': 'foo' })
+      const y = await engine.renderFile('foo')
+      expect(y).to.equal('foo')
+    })
   })
 })

test/integration/liquid/liquid.ts

@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ describe('Liquid', function () {
     })
     after(restore)
     it('should render single template', function (done) {
-      render.call({ root: '.' }, 'foo', null as any, (err: Error | null, result: string | undefined) => {
+      render.call({ root: '/root' }, 'foo', null as any, (err: Error | null, result: string | undefined) => {
         if (err) return done(err)
         expect(result).to.equal('foo')
         done()
       })
     })
     it('should render single template with Array-typed root', function (done) {
-      render.call({ root: ['.'] }, 'foo', null as any, (err: Error | null, result: string | undefined) => {
+      render.call({ root: ['/root'] }, 'foo', null as any, (err: Error | null, result: string | undefined) => {
         if (err) return done(err)
         expect(result).to.equal('foo')
         done()

test/integration/liquid/register-filters.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,24 @@
-import { test, liquid } from '../../stub/render'
+import { expect } from 'chai'
+import { Liquid } from '../../../src/liquid'
 
 describe('liquid#registerFilter()', function () {
+  const liquid = new Liquid()
+
   describe('object arguments', function () {
-    liquid.registerFilter('obj_test', function () {
+    liquid.registerFilter('obj_test', function (...args) {
-      return JSON.stringify(arguments)
+      return JSON.stringify(args)
+    })
+    it('should support object', async () => {
+      const src = `{{ "a" | obj_test: k1: "v1", k2: foo }}`,
+      const dst = '["a",["k1","v1"],["k2","bar"]]'
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, { foo: 'bar' })
+      return expect(html).to.equal(dst)
+    })
+    it('should support mixed object', async () => {
+      const src = `{{ "a" | obj_test: "something", k1: "v1", k2: foo }}`,
+      const dst = '["a","something",["k1","v1"],["k2","bar"]]'
+      const html = await liquid.parseAndRender(src, { foo: 'bar' })
+      return expect(html).to.equal(dst)
     })
-    it('should support object', () => test(
-      `{{ "a" | obj_test: k1: "v1", k2: foo }}`,
-      '{"0":"a","1":["k1","v1"],"2":["k2","bar"]}'
-    ))
-    it('should support mixed object', () => test(
-      `{{ "a" | obj_test: "something", k1: "v1", k2: foo }}`,
-      '{"0":"a","1":"something","2":["k1","v1"],"3":["k2","bar"]}'
-    ))
   })
 })

test/integration/util/error.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { expect } from 'chai'
+import { RenderError } from '../../../src/util/error'
 import { Liquid } from '../../../src/liquid'
 import * as path from 'path'
 import { mock, restore } from '../../stub/mockfs'
@@ -264,4 +265,46 @@ describe('error', function () {
       expect(err.stack).to.match(/at .*:\d+:\d+\)/)
     })
   })
+  describe('sync support', function () {
+    let engine
+    beforeEach(function () {
+      engine = new Liquid({
+        root: '/'
+      })
+      engine.registerTag('throwingTag', {
+        render: function () {
+          throw new Error('intended render error')
+        }
+      })
+    })
+    it('should throw RenderError when tag throws', function () {
+      const src = '{%throwingTag%}'
+      expect(() => engine.parseAndRenderSync(src))
+        .to.throw(RenderError, /intended render error/)
+    })
+    it('should contain original error info for {% include %}', function () {
+      const origin = ['1st', '2nd', '3rd', 'X{%throwingTag%} Y', '5th', '6th', '7th']
+      mock({
+        '/throwing-tag.html': origin.join('\n')
+      })
+      const html = '{%include "throwing-tag.html"%}'
+      const message = [
+        '   2| 2nd',
+        '   3| 3rd',
+        '>> 4| X{%throwingTag%} Y',
+        '   5| 5th',
+        '   6| 6th',
+        '   7| 7th',
+        'RenderError'
+      ]
+      try {
+        engine.parseAndRenderSync(html)
+        throw new Error('expected throw')
+      } catch (err) {
+        expect(err.message).to.equal(`intended render error, file:${path.resolve('/throwing-tag.html')}, line:4, col:2`)
+        expect(err.stack).to.contain(message.join('\n'))
+        expect(err.name).to.equal('RenderError')
+      }
+    })
+  })
 })

test/stub/mockfs.ts

@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ interface FileDescriptor {
 }
 
 let files: { [path: string]: FileDescriptor } = {}
-const readFile = fs.readFile
+const { readFile, exists, readFileSync, existsSync } = fs
-const exists = fs.exists
 
 export function mock (options: { [path: string]: (string | FileDescriptor) }) {
   forOwn(options, (val, key) => {
@@ -18,19 +17,26 @@ export function mock (options: { [path: string]: (string | FileDescriptor) }) {
       : val as FileDescriptor
   })
   fs.readFile = async function (path) {
+    return fs.readFileSync(path)
+  }
+  fs.readFileSync = function (path) {
     const file = files[path]
     if (file === undefined) throw new Error('ENOENT')
     if (file.mode === '0000') throw new Error('EACCES')
     return file.content
   }
-
   fs.exists = async function (path: string) {
+    return fs.existsSync(path)
+  }
+  fs.existsSync = function (path: string) {
     return !!files[path]
   }
 }
 
 export function restore () {
   files = {}
+  fs.readFileSync = readFileSync
+  fs.existsSync = existsSync
   fs.readFile = readFile
   fs.exists = exists
 }

test/stub/render.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ export const ctx = {
   foo: 'bar',
   arr: [-2, 'a'],
   obj: { foo: 'bar' },
-  func: function () {},
+  func: function () {}, // eslint-disable-line
   posts: [{ category: 'foo' }, { category: 'bar' }],
   products: [
     { title: 'Vacuum', type: 'living room' },

test/unit/fs/browser.ts

@@ -59,6 +59,12 @@ describe('fs/browser', function () {
     })
   })
 
+  describe('#existsSync()', () => {
+    it('should always return true', function () {
+      expect(fs.existsSync('/foo/bar')).to.equal(true)
+    })
+  })
+
   describe('#readFile()', () => {
     let server: sinon.SinonFakeServer
     beforeEach(() => {
@@ -87,4 +93,29 @@ describe('fs/browser', function () {
       return result
     })
   })
+
+  describe('#readFileSync()', () => {
+    let server: sinon.SinonFakeServer
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      server = sinon.fakeServer.create()
+      server.autoRespond = true
+      server.respondWith(
+        'GET', 'https://example.com/views/hello.html',
+        [200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' }, 'hello {{name}}']
+      );
+      (global as any).XMLHttpRequest = sinon.useFakeXMLHttpRequest()
+    })
+    afterEach(() => {
+      server.restore()
+      delete (global as any).XMLHttpRequest
+    })
+    it('should get corresponding text', function () {
+      const html = fs.readFileSync('https://example.com/views/hello.html')
+      return expect(html).to.equal('hello {{name}}')
+    })
+    it('should throw 404', () => {
+      return expect(() => fs.readFileSync('https://example.com/not/exist.html'))
+        .to.throw('Not Found')
+    })
+  })
 })

test/unit/fs/node.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import * as chaiAsPromised from 'chai-as-promised'
 use(chaiAsPromised)
 
 describe('fs', function () {
-  describe('#resolve()', function () {
+  describe('.resolve()', function () {
     it('should resolve based on root', async function () {
       const filepath = fs.resolve('/foo', 'bar.html', '.liquid')
       const expected = path.resolve('/foo/bar.html')
@@ -18,23 +18,40 @@ describe('fs', function () {
       return expect(filepath).to.equal(expected)
     })
   })
-  describe('#exists', () => {
+  describe('.existsSync', () => {
+    it('should resolve as false if not exists', () => {
+      expect(fs.existsSync('/foo/bar')).to.be.false
+    })
+    it('should resolve as true if exists', () => {
+      expect(fs.existsSync(__filename)).to.be.true
+    })
+  })
+  describe('.exists', () => {
     it('should resolve as false if not exists', async () => {
       const result = await fs.exists('/foo/bar')
-      return expect(result).to.be.false
+      expect(result).to.be.false
     })
     it('should resolve as true if exists', async () => {
       const result = await fs.exists(__filename)
-      return expect(result).to.be.true
+      expect(result).to.be.true
     })
   })
-  describe('#readFile', function () {
+  describe('.readFileSync', function () {
+    it('should throw when not exist', function () {
+      return expect(() => fs.readFileSync('/foo/bar')).to.throw('ENOENT')
+    })
+    it('should read content if exists', function () {
+      const content = fs.readFileSync(__filename)
+      expect(content).to.contain('should read content if exists')
+    })
+  })
+  describe('.readFile', function () {
     it('should throw when not exist', function () {
       return expect(fs.readFile('/foo/bar')).to.rejectedWith('ENOENT')
     })
     it('should read content if exists', async function () {
       const content = await fs.readFile(__filename)
-      return expect(content).to.contain('should read content if exists')
+      expect(content).to.contain('should read content if exists')
     })
   })
 })

test/unit/render/expression.ts

@@ -17,51 +17,56 @@ describe('Expression', function () {
   })
 
   it('should throw when context not defined', async function () {
-    return expect(() => new Expression().value()).to.throw(/context not defined/)
+    return expect(new Expression().value()).to.be.rejectedWith(/context not defined/)
   })
 
   it('should eval simple expression', async function () {
-    expect(new Expression('1 < 2').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+    expect(await new Expression('1 < 2').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
-    expect(new Expression('2 <= 2').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+    expect(await new Expression('1   <   2').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
-    expect(new Expression('one <= two').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+    expect(await new Expression('2 <= 2').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
-    expect(new Expression('x contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+    expect(await new Expression('one <= two').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
-    expect(new Expression('x contains "X"').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+    expect(await new Expression('x contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
-    expect(new Expression('1 contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+    expect(await new Expression('x contains "X"').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
-    expect(new Expression('y contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+    expect(await new Expression('1 contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
-    expect(new Expression('z contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+    expect(await new Expression('y contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
-    expect(new Expression('(1..5) contains 3').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+    expect(await new Expression('z contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
-    expect(new Expression('(1..5) contains 6').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+    expect(await new Expression('(1..5) contains 3').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
-    expect(new Expression('"<=" == "<="').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+    expect(await new Expression('(1..5) contains 6').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+    expect(await new Expression('"<=" == "<="').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
   })
 
   describe('complex expression', function () {
     it('should support value or value', async function () {
-      expect(new Expression('false or true').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+      expect(await new Expression('false or true').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
     })
     it('should support < and contains', async function () {
-      expect(new Expression('1 < 2 and x contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+      expect(await new Expression('1 < 2 and x contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
     })
     it('should support < or contains', async function () {
-      expect(new Expression('1 < 2 or x contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+      expect(await new Expression('1 < 2 or x contains "x"').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
     })
     it('should support value and !=', async function () {
-      expect(new Expression('empty and empty != ""').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+      expect(await new Expression('empty and empty != ""').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
     })
     it('should recognize quoted value', async function () {
-      expect(new Expression('">"').value(ctx)).to.equal('>')
+      expect(await new Expression('">"').value(ctx)).to.equal('>')
     })
-    it('should evaluate from right to left', function () {
+    it('should evaluate from right to left', async function () {
-      expect(new Expression('true or false and false').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+      expect(await new Expression('true or false and false').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
-      expect(new Expression('true and false and false or true').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
+      expect(await new Expression('true and false and false or true').value(ctx)).to.equal(false)
     })
-    it('should recognize property access', function () {
+    it('should recognize property access', async function () {
       const ctx = new Context({ obj: { foo: true } })
-      expect(new Expression('obj["foo"] and true').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+      expect(await new Expression('obj["foo"] and true').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
     })
   })
 
   it('should eval range expression', async function () {
-    expect(new Expression('(2..4)').value(ctx)).to.deep.equal([2, 3, 4])
+    expect(await new Expression('(2..4)').value(ctx)).to.deep.equal([2, 3, 4])
-    expect(new Expression('(two..4)').value(ctx)).to.deep.equal([2, 3, 4])
+    expect(await new Expression('(two..4)').value(ctx)).to.deep.equal([2, 3, 4])
+  })
+
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    expect(new Expression('empty and empty != ""').valueSync(ctx)).to.equal(false)
   })
 })

test/unit/render/value.ts

@@ -5,20 +5,20 @@ import { expect } from 'chai'
 describe('Value', function () {
   it('should eval number variable', async function () {
     const ctx = new Context({ one: 1 })
-    expect(new Value('one').value(ctx)).to.equal(1)
+    expect(new Value('one').valueSync(ctx)).to.equal(1)
   })
   it('question mark should be valid variable name', async function () {
     const ctx = new Context({ 'has_value?': true })
-    expect(new Value('has_value?').value(ctx)).to.equal(true)
+    expect(new Value('has_value?').valueSync(ctx)).to.equal(true)
   })
   it('should eval string variable', async function () {
     const ctx = new Context({ x: 'XXX' })
-    expect(new Value('x').value(ctx)).to.equal('XXX')
+    expect(new Value('x').valueSync(ctx)).to.equal('XXX')
   })
   it('should eval null literal', async function () {
-    expect(new Value('null').value({})).to.be.null
+    expect(new Value('null').valueSync({})).to.be.null
   })
   it('should eval nil literal', async function () {
-    expect(new Value('nil').value({})).to.be.null
+    expect(new Value('nil').valueSync({})).to.be.null
   })
 })

test/unit/template/filter/filter.ts

@@ -60,4 +60,14 @@ describe('filter', function () {
       new Filter('/', [], false)
     }).to.not.throw()
   })
+
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    Filter.register('add', (a, b) => a + b)
+    expect(new Filter('add', ['2'], false).renderSync(3, ctx)).to.equal(5)
+  })
+
+  it('should support key value pairs', function () {
+    Filter.register('add', (a, b) => b[0] + ':' + (a + b[1]))
+    expect(new Filter('add', [['num', '2']], false).renderSync(3, ctx)).to.equal('num:5')
+  })
 })

test/unit/template/hash.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import * as chai from 'chai'
+import { Hash } from '../../../src/template/tag/hash'
+import { Context } from '../../../src/context/context'
+
+const expect = chai.expect
+
+describe('Hash', function () {
+  it('should parse variable', async function () {
+    const hash = await Hash.create('num:foo', new Context({ foo: 3 }))
+    expect(hash.num).to.equal(3)
+  })
+  it('should parse literals', async function () {
+    const hash = await Hash.create('num:3', new Context())
+    expect(hash.num).to.equal(3)
+  })
+  it('should support sync', function () {
+    const hash = Hash.createSync('num:3', new Context())
+    expect(hash.num).to.equal(3)
+  })
+})

test/unit/template/tag.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ chai.use(sinonChai)
 const expect = chai.expect
 const liquid = new Liquid()
 
-describe('tag', function () {
+describe('Tag', function () {
   let ctx: Context
   const emitter = { write: (html: string) => (emitter.html += html), html: '' }
   before(function () {