Add ByteTables module and bench_quick.rb benchmark harness

ByteTables provides pre-computed 256-entry boolean lookup arrays for
byte classification (IDENT_START, IDENT_CONT, WORD, DIGIT, WHITESPACE)
and named constants for delimiter bytes (NEWLINE, DASH, DOT, HASH).

bench_quick.rb measures parse µs, render µs, and object allocations
for the theme benchmark suite.

lib/liquid.rb

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ end
 require "liquid/version"
 require "liquid/deprecations"
 require "liquid/const"
+require "liquid/byte_tables"
 require 'liquid/standardfilters'
 require 'liquid/file_system'
 require 'liquid/parser_switching'

lib/liquid/byte_tables.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Liquid
+  # Pre-computed 256-entry boolean lookup tables for byte classification.
+  # Built once at load time; used as TABLE[byte] — a single array index
+  # instead of 3-5 comparison operators per check.
+  module ByteTables
+    # [a-zA-Z_] — valid first byte of an identifier
+    IDENT_START = Array.new(256, false).tap do |t|
+      (97..122).each { |b| t[b] = true }  # a-z
+      (65..90).each  { |b| t[b] = true }  # A-Z
+      t[95] = true # _
+    end.freeze
+
+    # [a-zA-Z0-9_-] — valid continuation byte of an identifier
+    IDENT_CONT = Array.new(256, false).tap do |t|
+      (97..122).each { |b| t[b] = true }  # a-z
+      (65..90).each  { |b| t[b] = true }  # A-Z
+      (48..57).each  { |b| t[b] = true }  # 0-9
+      t[95] = true                          # _
+      t[45] = true                          # -
+    end.freeze
+
+    # [a-zA-Z0-9_] — \w equivalent (no hyphen), for tag name scanning
+    WORD = Array.new(256, false).tap do |t|
+      (97..122).each { |b| t[b] = true }  # a-z
+      (65..90).each  { |b| t[b] = true }  # A-Z
+      (48..57).each  { |b| t[b] = true }  # 0-9
+      t[95] = true # _
+    end.freeze
+
+    # [0-9] — ASCII digit
+    DIGIT = Array.new(256, false).tap do |t|
+      (48..57).each { |b| t[b] = true }
+    end.freeze
+
+    # Matches bytes removed by Ruby's String#strip: \x00, \t, \n, \v, \f, \r, space
+    WHITESPACE = Array.new(256, false).tap do |t|
+      [0, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 32].each { |b| t[b] = true }
+    end.freeze
+
+    # Byte constants for delimiters and punctuation
+    NEWLINE = 10
+    DASH    = 45  # '-'
+    DOT     = 46  # '.'
+    HASH    = 35  # '#'
+  end
+end